| One of the first things to consider is of course the specific surface area of the bio-elements. However, when considering the relative cost per m2, you must also pay attention to how much of that area will be active area, since this is what the actually achieved performance of the bio-reactor is dictated by.
Thus, the long-term efficiency of any biofiltration technology relying on fixed-film is governed by a combination of the hydrodynamic properties of both the aeration/backwash mechanism of unit itself as well as the biological carrier`s design. |
